PRELImINARy RESILIENCE ASSESSmENt - City of Dallas
Transcript Of PRELImINARy RESILIENCE ASSESSmENt - City of Dallas
preliminary resilience assessment
december 2016
DALLAS
1
BIG DALLAS THANK YOU!
Thank you to 100 Resilient Cities, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation
Dallas is honored to be selected as one of only 100 cities around the world to participate in the prestigious 100 Resilient Cities (100rc) program, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation. This innovative program is dedicated to helping cities become resilient to the environmental, social, and economic challenges that are a growing part of the 21st century. Dallas has become a member in a global network of the world’s most distinguished cities to share information, explore cutting edge ideas, and lead resilient change for 21st century cities.
ACCRA ADDIS ABABA AMMAN ATHENS ATLANTA BANGALORE BANGKOK BARCELONA BELFAST BELGRADE BERKELEY BOSTON BOULDER BRISTOL BUENOS AIRES BYBLOS CALGARY CALI CAN THO CAPE TOWN CHENNAI CHICAGO CHRISTCHURCH COLIMA DA NANG DAKAR DALLAS DEYANG DURBAN EL PASO ENUGU GLASGOW GREATER MANCHESTER GREATER MIAMI AND THE BEACHES GUADALAJARA METROPOLITAN AREA HAIYAN HONOLULU HUANGSHI JAIPUR JAKARTA JUAREZ KIGALI KYOTO LAGOS LISBON LONDON LOS ANGELES LOUISVILLE LUXOR MANDALAY MEDELLÍN MELAKA MELBOURNE MEXICO CITY MILAN MINNEAPOLIS MONTEVIDEO MONTREAL NAIROBI NASHVILLE NEW ORLEANS NEW YORK CITY NORFOLK OAKLAND PANAMA CITY PARIS PAYNESVILLE PITTSBURGH PORTO ALEGRE PUNE QUITO RAMALLAH RIO DE JANEIRO ROME ROTTERDAM SALVADOR SAN FRANCISCO SAN JUAN SANTA FE SANTIAGO DE LOS CABALLEROS SANTIAGO, METROPOLITAN REGION SEATTLE SEMARANG SEOUL SINGAPORE ST. LOUIS SURAT SYDNEY TBILISI TEL AVIV THE HAGUE THESSALONIKI TORONTO TOYAMA TULSA VANCOUVER VEJLE WASHINGTON, DC WELLINGTON CITY YIWU
For 50 years, people around the world saw our city through the lens of the John F. Kennedy assassination. Through that tragedy, modern day Dallas was born, a great city. Those of us who love this city always knew there was so much more to Dallas than that awful day in 1963.
In recent decades, Dallas has grown to become one of the great American cities, a place where an increasingly diverse mix of people come to live, work, and prosper. Despite all our progress, terror struck Dallas on July 7, 2016. The soul of our city was pierced, as a deeply disturbed gunman killed four Dallas Police officers and a transit officer. It was the worst attack on law enforcement in our city’s history, and the worst in the country since 9/11. In the days that followed, we launched an intensive investigation and searched a massive crime scene. We watched a heartfelt memorial grow at DPD Headquarters as hundreds of police officers traveled from across the country to pay their respects and show support for our officers. We were embraced by the entire nation. In moments of self-doubt, I have asked myself, “why Dallas?” Upon reflection, I discovered the truth. Dallas is strong and resilient. Over the past decade, we have set a high standard for community policing by building strong bonds with our residents and community leaders. Nevertheless, this is a complex and emotionally charged time in America’s history, and we cannot shy away from the fact that we as a city, as a state, and as a nation are divided and struggling with racial issues that threaten our peace of mind, our physical security, and our prosperity. This is the eminent challenge of our day. Dallas faces difficult work ahead. Can we as a community come to truly and deeply understand the pain and suffering that racial discrimination has created through history? Can we talk honestly about the disparity that impoverishes cities today and work to build a society that genuinely gives all residents the opportunity for happy, healthy, and prosperous lives? I believe we can. This is Dallas’ chance to lead and build a new model of community, for our city, and for our country. To do this, we must start by building unity. Saint Paul said, “In the end, three things remain: faith, hope, and love.” We will need all three as we move forward. Faith in each other, hope and belief that tomorrow holds a brighter future for all our residents, and love for one another, knowing that our differences could make us stronger.
Mike Rawlings Dallas Mayor
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contents
Executive Summary
6
Our Challenges
12
The 100 Resilient Cities Program 14
The Dallas Resilience Process 16
Discovery Area Research
22
Next Steps
35
5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Big things happen here
building a resilient future
Travel the world and everywhere people know Texas. Texans are enthusiastically confident, optimistic, and admittedly unrealistic in their exuberant conviction to success. Dallas embodies this Texas ethos and was built through visionary leadership, bold ambition, and big ideas. Our maxim is, “big things happen here!”
A look at Dallas’ history reveals that big visions, big dreams, and a big heart has propelled Dallas to become the 9th largest city in America, and one of the most prosperous regions in the world.
What has energized this success? Simply the Dallas ethos —
Bold action in pursuit of a Big Idea
Over her 150 year history, Dallas has never shied from a challenge. To prepare for our next 150 years, Dallas embraces the concept of resilience.
What is urban resilience?
The capacity of individuals, institutions, businesses, and systems to anticipate, adapt, and recover from the social, economic, and physical challenges that are a growing part of the 21st century.
Said another way, it’s pure Dallas grit!
BIG D Dallas is the largest city and economic powerhouse that fuels the robust North Central Texas region.
The heartbeat of this prosperity is Downtown Dallas. Downtown Dallas is the Tiffany address for finance, real estate, insurance, banking, and silk-stocking law firms housed in distinctive Class A office buildings of celebrated architectural design. Downtown Dallas is the residential destination of choice for Millennials and new immigrants who are willing to work hard and gamble on an innovative business venture; or Boomers eager to enjoy an enriched quality of life in the center of art, culture, and fine dining. Downtown Dallas embodies the soul of the region with the largest contiguous arts district in the country, a renowned collection of prestigious buildings, and the heart of an expansive, regional multi-modal transportation system.
With all of these competitive advantages, Dallas’ resilience should be unquestioned. However, stakeholder interviews, supported by research and analysis, reveal several worrying trends that could compromise Dallas’ ability to lead in the future unless bold action is taken to change the trajectory.
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DFW IS THE
DALLAS 3RD BUSIEST
facts AIRPORT
UNEMPLOYMENT
2 3 2 RATE OF
LESS THAN
4%
DAYS OF sunshine
5TH 21 largest
METRO
4th ECONOMY
500 FORTUNE
COMPANIES
41 fortune 1000 companies
LARGEST METRO AREA IN U.S. BY POPULATION
LONGEST LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM IN THE U.S.
REGION OF OVER 7 MILLION RESIDENTS
EXPECTED TO GROW TO
10 MILLION BY 2040
home of the
DALLAS COWBOYS, DALLAS MAVERICKS, DALLAS STARS, AND THE TEXAS RANGERS
Dallas has a long history of transformative ideas that underpin our resilient future
1855 A group of European artists and musicians established a utopian community on the west bank of the Trinity River, known as La Reunion.
1881 Dallas Water Utilities founded.
1889 Electric street cars began operation.
1913 Although the smallest of 4 cities vying for the location of the Eleventh Federal Reserve District headquarters, a persuasive business case and clever strategy was developed by George Dealy (publisher of the Dallas Morning News) and other prominent business leaders that helped secure the decision to award Dallas the 11th District Federal Reserve Bank and establishing Dallas as a burgeoning center of banking and finance.
1930 Trinity River levees constructed to create a riverfront industrial district.
1943 University of Texas Southwestern Medical School was founded.
1957 Trammel Crow and John Stemmons opened the precursor to Dallas Market Center, the largest wholesale trade complex in the world.
1962 As a young employee of IBM, Ross Perot envisioned a new model of data processing services, but his idea was dismissed by his bosses. In 1962, he founded EDS and within 22 short years, Perot sold a controlling interest to General Motors for $2.4 billion dollars.
go Big or go home
1963 Resigning in frustration after being passed over for a promotion (that went to a man she had trained), Mary Kay Ash founded Mary Kay Cosmetics along with her son Richard. This $5,000 dollar investment has become the 6th largest direct sales company in the world with an estimated annual net sales of over $2.9 billion dollars.
1980 Comer Cottrell moved Pro-Line Corp to Dallas to become one of the most successful black-owned businesses in the United States. Mr. Cottrell sold Pro-Line in 2000 for $80 million dollars.
1999 Mark Cuban’s Broadcast.com was acquired by Yahoo for $5.7 billion dollars.
1969 Roger Staubach signs with the Dallas Cowboys and, together with Coach Tom Laundry, they marshalled an unprecedented period of success and popularity for the football team that became known as America’s Team.
Dallas became the 7th largest city in the US.
1973 Dallas and Fort Worth collaborated to build D-FW Airport. At almost 30 square miles, D-FW Airport is larger than Manhattan Island, is the 3rd busiest for freight, and 10th busiest for passenger travel.
1990 Telecom exploded as Dallas becomes known as the Silicon Prairie.
2014 CDC Confirmed Ebola Virus in Dallas.
Drought Contingency Plan was adopted by the City.
1885 First publication of the Dallas Morning News.
1928 Dallas purchased 167 acres for $325,000 to develop Love Field as
a municipal airport.
1870 Sarah Horton Cockrell, Dallas’ first millionaire, installed an iron
suspension bridge over the
trinity river.
1904 With $25,000 to invest in a business venture, Carrie Marcus Neiman and her brother Staley Marcus opted on opening a retail Business in Dallas. Stocked with high-end luxury clothes from the stylish New York markets, Neiman-Marcus became an instant success as the Texas wealthy discovered a source for sophisticated fashion and extravagant gifts previously unavailable in Dallas.
1936 Dallas was chosen as the site of the Texas Centennial Exposition. In the spirit of the City Beautiful movement the city invested $25 million in creating Fair Park with fifty new
buildings, plazas, esplanades, fountains, ponds, sculptures, and art works.
1951 Four Dallas businessmen, Cecil H. Green, J. Erik Jonsson, Eugene McDermott, and Patrick E. Haggerty founded Texas Instruments. Just 7 years later, Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. This early success was followed by a number of revolutionary advancements in electronics and microcomputers. Today, Texas Instruments has become a global analog and digital
semiconductor IC design and manufacturing company valued at $59 billion.
1959 Dallas adopted a Long Range Water Supply Plan ( This plan was continually updated in 1975, 1989, 2000, 2005,
and 2014 as supply and need in the region change).
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1963 John F. Kennedy
was assassinated
in Dallas.
1964 Dallas led the world in the number of
million-dollar oil companies.
1971 Mariano Martinez invented the frozen Margarita.
1978 Dallas - The first episode of the well-known television show aired. The show revolved around a wealthy Texas family that went on to
become one of the longest running prime time dramas.
1983 Dallas Voters
approved Dallas Area Rapid Transit
(DART).
1995 Torrential rains and severe hailstone caused flash floods resulting in 16 deaths.
2006 Flood waters flooded Baylor Hospital, over 60 businesses reported property damage, and Interstate 30 was shut down.
2015 New 2.8 million-square-foot Parkland Hospital campus opened.
Economic Resilience
Public Health Resilience
Infrastructure and Environmental Resilience
Transportation R1e1silience
our challenges
Bold actions in pursuit of big ideas
Notwithstanding the wealth, prosperity, and vigor that has successfully propelled Dallas and the North Central Texas region over the past half century, many Dallasites live on the edge of economic failure. Census numbers indicate that over 39% of Dallas residents are poor or struggling financially. Stakeholder interviews, workshop participants, and survey respondents agree that Dallas’ biggest threat is not the devastation of a tornado, flood, or other natural disaster. Nor is it the tragedy of a horrific event such as the July 7th attack on the Dallas Police Department. Rather, it is the economic vulnerability of Dallas’ poor who struggle to provide for themselves and their families. Through research, analysis, and consultation with experts and residents, we have selected four Discovery Areas that will be examined in the Resilient Strategy.
Big Heart for Opportunity — Economic Equity
The ubiquitous concern among Dallas leaders is the quality of education available to Dallas school children and our ability to prepare young people for college and the 21st century economy. As the income disparity gap widens in conjunction with inadequate educational attainment, corporate leaders ask whether Dallas will be capable of supplying a future workforce to nourish the insatiable appetite of the robust North Central Texas economy.
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Today, many low-skill adults and disconnected youth lack the necessary training and skills to be successful in the traditional labor force. Dallas must build partnerships and support efforts to establish career pathways for these individuals so they can be positioned to take advantage of the growing demand for middle-skill jobs in expanding economic sectors like health-care and information technology. Through these partnerships, Dallas can harness the strength and momentum of the North Central Texas economy to create economic resilience for all Dallas residents.
Big Healing for a Strained Healthcare System — Healthy Communities
Healthcare is a $52 billion dollar a year industry that provides almost 600,000 jobs throughout the region, yet not all residents have access to this wealth of care. Dallas has one of the highest rates of uninsured in the country, almost double the national average. For the first time in history, poor children growing up in high-risk neighborhoods have lifespans predicted to be shorter than their parents. Advancements in tele-medicine and virtual care offer big promise to improve public health outcomes for Dallas residents. Dallas must pioneer partnerships to ensure all our residents will lead healthy, resilient lives.
Dallas has never allowed her destiny to be constrained by challenges.
social cohesiveness, and strengthen civic engagement. Resilient neighborhoods lift up families and build strong community leaders. Neighborhoods in the southern reaches of Dallas have experienced decades of disinvestment and decline. Children cannot safely play outside, schools do not adequately prepare students for careers, and business cannot germinate and thrive. These neighborhoods no longer seed opportunity; they have failed their residents. As Dallas prepares for the next bond program, we must rebuild these pockets of despair to become neighborhoods of enduring value and re-instill pride in our hometown.
Big Change for a Transportation
System that Moves —
Transportation Equity
Dallas was designed for the automobile and transportation infrastructure is the backbone of our city. However, 21st century urban mobility will be constructed on mobility access, not lane miles. A superior transportation system will be one that provides convenient, affordable access to all aspects of urban living – employment, education, health care, shopping and services, and recreation and entertainment. Today, many of Dallas’ poorest residents lack access to good jobs, good schools, healthy food, and basic services. Dallas should seize the opportunity of rapidly changing technology to improve transportation equity for all Dallas residents.
Big Home in Hometown Dallas — Thriving Neighborhoods
Dallas is a city of neighborhoods. Neighborhoods are the fertile gardens of rich social life. They nurture human bonds and encourage us to care about our neighbors. They inspire friendships, foster
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introduction
The 100 Resilient Cities Program
Dallas was selected as one of only 100 cities around the world to participate in the prestigious 100 Resilient Cities (100RC) program, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation. This innovative program is dedicated to helping cities around the world become resilient to the environmental, social, and economic challenges that are a growing part of the 21st century. Dallas has become a member in a global network of the world’s most distinguished cities to share information and develop best practices for cutting edge 21st century cities.
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resilient dallas
Dallas has begun the initial work on what resilience means for our city today and in the future. The following section presents some of the research, data, and findings that guided the develoment of Dallas’ four Discovery Areas – economy, healthcare, infrastructure, and mobility. The complete research reprint is provided in the supplement to this Prelimenary Resilience Assesment.
Resilient cities demonstrate seven qualities that allow them to withstand, respond to, and adapt more quickly to shocks and stresses.
1 Reflective: using past experiences to inform future decisions 2 Resourceful: recognizing alternative ways to use resources 3 Robust: well-conceived, constructed, and managed systems 4 Redundant: additional capacity purposely created to accommodate disruption 5 Flexible: willingness and ability to adopt alternative strategies in response to changing circumstances 6 Inclusive: prioritize broad consultation to create a sense of shared ownership in decision making 7 Integrated: bring together a range of distinct systems and institutions
BIG SOLUTIONS FOR BIG CHALLENGES
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the dallas resilience process
Overview of 100RC Strategy Process
The 100 Resilient Cities program has provided a well-documented and field-tested strategy guidance manual to shepherd cities through the process of creating a robust resilience strategy. This guidance manual details step-by-step processes and timeframes, introduces and explains new analytic tools, and provides templates, case studies, and practical examples that are transferable to cities all across the globe. Dallas has methodically adhered to these processes and utilized the analytic tools outlined in the Strategy Guidance Manual.
This Preliminary Resilience Assessment presents the completion of Phase One of the Strategy Development Process, and documents the data collection, analysis, review, and findings of this holistic scan of the city’s current state of resilience. This Preliminary Resilience Assesment serves as a summary of the work undertaken during Phase One.
Through desktop research, stakeholder interviews and workshops, and consultation with subject matter experts, the Dallas Office of Resilience has:
• Identified, and catalogued significant past, present, and future actions that contribute towards the sound functioning of Dallas services
• Assessed the condition and sensitivity of Dallas’ physical assets to multiple shocks and stresses • Discussed and analyzed how future demographic and economic scenarios could change this outlook
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The City Resilience Framework and the Resilience Lens
The City Resilience Framework (CRF) developed by the Rockefeller Foundation provides a framework and common vernacular to understand the array of interdependent dimensions of a city and the drivers that contribute to its resilience.
The CRF categorizes a city into its basic social, physical, and economic systems. These city building blocks are defined as the “essential dimensions” of urban resilience: Leadership and Strategy, Health and Well-being, Infrastructure and Environment, and Economy and Society. Each of these four essential dimensions are further broken down into subsets or “drivers.” This organizing framework is used as a basis for inquiry, analysis, and review to assess and understand the strengths and gaps within a city.
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Dallas Civic Leadership
Along with a wealth of economic, physical, and environmental resources, Dallas profits from an abundance of residents and businesses, professional and technical experts, philanthropic foundations and social service providers, as well as academic institutions, all of whom are committed to effectual civic involvement. The Dallas Resilience process relies heavily on extensive community participation and meaningful stakeholder engagement. Input was gathered through a variety of ways that acknowledge and respect the similarities as well as the notable differences inherent in Dallas’ economically and socially diverse population.
This resilience process integrates the insight and wisdom gained through many forms of participation, and uses that knowledge to understand trends and conditions identified by surveys, desktop research, and other analytic tools. It was also critical that “ground truth” obtained through interviews and listening sessions validate research findings and general assumptions. The comprehensive perspective gained through the resilience process is also used to identify gaps that would normally go unobserved by more traditional research methods. The extensive involvement by Dallasites served to strengthen knowledge-building for this process while also attaining genuine community support and trust building.
Leadership and Strategy
North Central Texas Council of Governments Communities Foundation of Texas Greater Dallas Planning Council American Planning Association American Institute of Architects North Texas Commission Dallas Youth Commission Dallas Innovation Alliance Dallas Citizens Council Dallas Women’s Foundation Downtown Dallas Incorporated Mayor’s Taskforce on Homelessness Mayor’s Taskforce on Poverty
Economy and Society
Dallas Federal Reserve Bank Greater Dallas Regional Chamber Oak Cliff Chamber Paul Quinn College Mayor’s LGBT Task Force Revitalize South Dallas Coalition SMU Hunt Institute SMU New Cities Institute SMU Embrey Human Rights Society of American Military Engineers South Fair CDC Harvard Government Performance Lab Dallas County Community College University of North Texas University of Texas at Arlington University of Texas at Austin Toyota Mobility Foundation LH Holdings, Inc.
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Health and Wellbeing
Habitat for Humanity Commit Dallas CitySquare PCCI Children’s Health and Wellness Alliance Dallas County Dallas Faces Race Friendship West Baptist Church North Texas Food Bank Neighbor Up The Senior Source UT Southwestern Medical District Dallas Housing Authority North Texas Fair Housing
Infrastructure and Environment
Oncor Electric Atmos Energy AT&T Dallas Area Rapid Transit Regional Transportation Council Regional Emergency Managers Texas Nature Conservancy Earth Day Dallas Trust for Public Lands Oak Cliff Conservation League Texas Trees Trinity Trust Foundation Texas Department of Transportation U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Green Building Council Texas
more than 80 stakeholder interviews
agenda setting workshop
100+ participants from 80+ organizations
over 10 city department interviews
2 city department workshops
over 130 resilient actions catalogued
perceptions inventory
city context
20+ Department Directors asset inventory
What has the city done?
How is the city viewed?
State of the city
What does the city have?
Transportation?
draft discovery areas
Education?
Disease Outbreak?
Housing Patterns?
Climate Change?
Energy Security?
Governance and Leadership?
Public Health?
Economic Development?
Fiscal Policy?
Regionalism?
2 key stakeholder input meetings 3 quality of life committee reports 12 reviews by city staff leadership
inclusive economies
healthy communities
thriving neighborhoods
transportation equity
final discovery areas to be evaluated during phase two
In October of 2015, the City of Dallas and 100RC hosted an Agenda-Setting Workshop for over 100 participants representing more than 80 organizations. These engaged stakeholders worked through several key exercises and dynamic discussions that defined an early set of priorities and resilience issues setting the stage for the work to be completed in Phase I.
To further investigate and validate the results of the Agenda-Setting Workshop, staff undertook an intensive data collection effort combined with qualitative insight collected from stakeholder interviews with the public, non-profits, private enterprises, and government agencies. Data collected included a list of over 130 “resilient actions” already occurring within the city, an asset inventory, and broad background research on city government. Additionally, staff conducted a resilience perception exercise to identify the similarities and differences between citizen perception and city initiatives.
A deep examination of the data and insights revealed a series of trends that intersected multiple quadrants of the City Resilience Framework, helping formulate the early iterations of the Dallas Discovery Areas. Those early iterations were taken back to the public for vetting and further refinement in several stakeholder workshops. The synthesizing all of the data points and stakeholder input resulted in four distinct Discovery Areas for Dallas: Inclusive Economies, Healthy Communities, Thriving Neighborhoods, and Transportation Equity. The Office of Resilience briefed the City’s executive staff and Quality of Life committee multiple times at all key decision points throughout this year-long process.
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december 2016
DALLAS
1
BIG DALLAS THANK YOU!
Thank you to 100 Resilient Cities, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation
Dallas is honored to be selected as one of only 100 cities around the world to participate in the prestigious 100 Resilient Cities (100rc) program, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation. This innovative program is dedicated to helping cities become resilient to the environmental, social, and economic challenges that are a growing part of the 21st century. Dallas has become a member in a global network of the world’s most distinguished cities to share information, explore cutting edge ideas, and lead resilient change for 21st century cities.
ACCRA ADDIS ABABA AMMAN ATHENS ATLANTA BANGALORE BANGKOK BARCELONA BELFAST BELGRADE BERKELEY BOSTON BOULDER BRISTOL BUENOS AIRES BYBLOS CALGARY CALI CAN THO CAPE TOWN CHENNAI CHICAGO CHRISTCHURCH COLIMA DA NANG DAKAR DALLAS DEYANG DURBAN EL PASO ENUGU GLASGOW GREATER MANCHESTER GREATER MIAMI AND THE BEACHES GUADALAJARA METROPOLITAN AREA HAIYAN HONOLULU HUANGSHI JAIPUR JAKARTA JUAREZ KIGALI KYOTO LAGOS LISBON LONDON LOS ANGELES LOUISVILLE LUXOR MANDALAY MEDELLÍN MELAKA MELBOURNE MEXICO CITY MILAN MINNEAPOLIS MONTEVIDEO MONTREAL NAIROBI NASHVILLE NEW ORLEANS NEW YORK CITY NORFOLK OAKLAND PANAMA CITY PARIS PAYNESVILLE PITTSBURGH PORTO ALEGRE PUNE QUITO RAMALLAH RIO DE JANEIRO ROME ROTTERDAM SALVADOR SAN FRANCISCO SAN JUAN SANTA FE SANTIAGO DE LOS CABALLEROS SANTIAGO, METROPOLITAN REGION SEATTLE SEMARANG SEOUL SINGAPORE ST. LOUIS SURAT SYDNEY TBILISI TEL AVIV THE HAGUE THESSALONIKI TORONTO TOYAMA TULSA VANCOUVER VEJLE WASHINGTON, DC WELLINGTON CITY YIWU
For 50 years, people around the world saw our city through the lens of the John F. Kennedy assassination. Through that tragedy, modern day Dallas was born, a great city. Those of us who love this city always knew there was so much more to Dallas than that awful day in 1963.
In recent decades, Dallas has grown to become one of the great American cities, a place where an increasingly diverse mix of people come to live, work, and prosper. Despite all our progress, terror struck Dallas on July 7, 2016. The soul of our city was pierced, as a deeply disturbed gunman killed four Dallas Police officers and a transit officer. It was the worst attack on law enforcement in our city’s history, and the worst in the country since 9/11. In the days that followed, we launched an intensive investigation and searched a massive crime scene. We watched a heartfelt memorial grow at DPD Headquarters as hundreds of police officers traveled from across the country to pay their respects and show support for our officers. We were embraced by the entire nation. In moments of self-doubt, I have asked myself, “why Dallas?” Upon reflection, I discovered the truth. Dallas is strong and resilient. Over the past decade, we have set a high standard for community policing by building strong bonds with our residents and community leaders. Nevertheless, this is a complex and emotionally charged time in America’s history, and we cannot shy away from the fact that we as a city, as a state, and as a nation are divided and struggling with racial issues that threaten our peace of mind, our physical security, and our prosperity. This is the eminent challenge of our day. Dallas faces difficult work ahead. Can we as a community come to truly and deeply understand the pain and suffering that racial discrimination has created through history? Can we talk honestly about the disparity that impoverishes cities today and work to build a society that genuinely gives all residents the opportunity for happy, healthy, and prosperous lives? I believe we can. This is Dallas’ chance to lead and build a new model of community, for our city, and for our country. To do this, we must start by building unity. Saint Paul said, “In the end, three things remain: faith, hope, and love.” We will need all three as we move forward. Faith in each other, hope and belief that tomorrow holds a brighter future for all our residents, and love for one another, knowing that our differences could make us stronger.
Mike Rawlings Dallas Mayor
4
contents
Executive Summary
6
Our Challenges
12
The 100 Resilient Cities Program 14
The Dallas Resilience Process 16
Discovery Area Research
22
Next Steps
35
5
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Big things happen here
building a resilient future
Travel the world and everywhere people know Texas. Texans are enthusiastically confident, optimistic, and admittedly unrealistic in their exuberant conviction to success. Dallas embodies this Texas ethos and was built through visionary leadership, bold ambition, and big ideas. Our maxim is, “big things happen here!”
A look at Dallas’ history reveals that big visions, big dreams, and a big heart has propelled Dallas to become the 9th largest city in America, and one of the most prosperous regions in the world.
What has energized this success? Simply the Dallas ethos —
Bold action in pursuit of a Big Idea
Over her 150 year history, Dallas has never shied from a challenge. To prepare for our next 150 years, Dallas embraces the concept of resilience.
What is urban resilience?
The capacity of individuals, institutions, businesses, and systems to anticipate, adapt, and recover from the social, economic, and physical challenges that are a growing part of the 21st century.
Said another way, it’s pure Dallas grit!
BIG D Dallas is the largest city and economic powerhouse that fuels the robust North Central Texas region.
The heartbeat of this prosperity is Downtown Dallas. Downtown Dallas is the Tiffany address for finance, real estate, insurance, banking, and silk-stocking law firms housed in distinctive Class A office buildings of celebrated architectural design. Downtown Dallas is the residential destination of choice for Millennials and new immigrants who are willing to work hard and gamble on an innovative business venture; or Boomers eager to enjoy an enriched quality of life in the center of art, culture, and fine dining. Downtown Dallas embodies the soul of the region with the largest contiguous arts district in the country, a renowned collection of prestigious buildings, and the heart of an expansive, regional multi-modal transportation system.
With all of these competitive advantages, Dallas’ resilience should be unquestioned. However, stakeholder interviews, supported by research and analysis, reveal several worrying trends that could compromise Dallas’ ability to lead in the future unless bold action is taken to change the trajectory.
8
DFW IS THE
DALLAS 3RD BUSIEST
facts AIRPORT
UNEMPLOYMENT
2 3 2 RATE OF
LESS THAN
4%
DAYS OF sunshine
5TH 21 largest
METRO
4th ECONOMY
500 FORTUNE
COMPANIES
41 fortune 1000 companies
LARGEST METRO AREA IN U.S. BY POPULATION
LONGEST LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM IN THE U.S.
REGION OF OVER 7 MILLION RESIDENTS
EXPECTED TO GROW TO
10 MILLION BY 2040
home of the
DALLAS COWBOYS, DALLAS MAVERICKS, DALLAS STARS, AND THE TEXAS RANGERS
Dallas has a long history of transformative ideas that underpin our resilient future
1855 A group of European artists and musicians established a utopian community on the west bank of the Trinity River, known as La Reunion.
1881 Dallas Water Utilities founded.
1889 Electric street cars began operation.
1913 Although the smallest of 4 cities vying for the location of the Eleventh Federal Reserve District headquarters, a persuasive business case and clever strategy was developed by George Dealy (publisher of the Dallas Morning News) and other prominent business leaders that helped secure the decision to award Dallas the 11th District Federal Reserve Bank and establishing Dallas as a burgeoning center of banking and finance.
1930 Trinity River levees constructed to create a riverfront industrial district.
1943 University of Texas Southwestern Medical School was founded.
1957 Trammel Crow and John Stemmons opened the precursor to Dallas Market Center, the largest wholesale trade complex in the world.
1962 As a young employee of IBM, Ross Perot envisioned a new model of data processing services, but his idea was dismissed by his bosses. In 1962, he founded EDS and within 22 short years, Perot sold a controlling interest to General Motors for $2.4 billion dollars.
go Big or go home
1963 Resigning in frustration after being passed over for a promotion (that went to a man she had trained), Mary Kay Ash founded Mary Kay Cosmetics along with her son Richard. This $5,000 dollar investment has become the 6th largest direct sales company in the world with an estimated annual net sales of over $2.9 billion dollars.
1980 Comer Cottrell moved Pro-Line Corp to Dallas to become one of the most successful black-owned businesses in the United States. Mr. Cottrell sold Pro-Line in 2000 for $80 million dollars.
1999 Mark Cuban’s Broadcast.com was acquired by Yahoo for $5.7 billion dollars.
1969 Roger Staubach signs with the Dallas Cowboys and, together with Coach Tom Laundry, they marshalled an unprecedented period of success and popularity for the football team that became known as America’s Team.
Dallas became the 7th largest city in the US.
1973 Dallas and Fort Worth collaborated to build D-FW Airport. At almost 30 square miles, D-FW Airport is larger than Manhattan Island, is the 3rd busiest for freight, and 10th busiest for passenger travel.
1990 Telecom exploded as Dallas becomes known as the Silicon Prairie.
2014 CDC Confirmed Ebola Virus in Dallas.
Drought Contingency Plan was adopted by the City.
1885 First publication of the Dallas Morning News.
1928 Dallas purchased 167 acres for $325,000 to develop Love Field as
a municipal airport.
1870 Sarah Horton Cockrell, Dallas’ first millionaire, installed an iron
suspension bridge over the
trinity river.
1904 With $25,000 to invest in a business venture, Carrie Marcus Neiman and her brother Staley Marcus opted on opening a retail Business in Dallas. Stocked with high-end luxury clothes from the stylish New York markets, Neiman-Marcus became an instant success as the Texas wealthy discovered a source for sophisticated fashion and extravagant gifts previously unavailable in Dallas.
1936 Dallas was chosen as the site of the Texas Centennial Exposition. In the spirit of the City Beautiful movement the city invested $25 million in creating Fair Park with fifty new
buildings, plazas, esplanades, fountains, ponds, sculptures, and art works.
1951 Four Dallas businessmen, Cecil H. Green, J. Erik Jonsson, Eugene McDermott, and Patrick E. Haggerty founded Texas Instruments. Just 7 years later, Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. This early success was followed by a number of revolutionary advancements in electronics and microcomputers. Today, Texas Instruments has become a global analog and digital
semiconductor IC design and manufacturing company valued at $59 billion.
1959 Dallas adopted a Long Range Water Supply Plan ( This plan was continually updated in 1975, 1989, 2000, 2005,
and 2014 as supply and need in the region change).
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1963 John F. Kennedy
was assassinated
in Dallas.
1964 Dallas led the world in the number of
million-dollar oil companies.
1971 Mariano Martinez invented the frozen Margarita.
1978 Dallas - The first episode of the well-known television show aired. The show revolved around a wealthy Texas family that went on to
become one of the longest running prime time dramas.
1983 Dallas Voters
approved Dallas Area Rapid Transit
(DART).
1995 Torrential rains and severe hailstone caused flash floods resulting in 16 deaths.
2006 Flood waters flooded Baylor Hospital, over 60 businesses reported property damage, and Interstate 30 was shut down.
2015 New 2.8 million-square-foot Parkland Hospital campus opened.
Economic Resilience
Public Health Resilience
Infrastructure and Environmental Resilience
Transportation R1e1silience
our challenges
Bold actions in pursuit of big ideas
Notwithstanding the wealth, prosperity, and vigor that has successfully propelled Dallas and the North Central Texas region over the past half century, many Dallasites live on the edge of economic failure. Census numbers indicate that over 39% of Dallas residents are poor or struggling financially. Stakeholder interviews, workshop participants, and survey respondents agree that Dallas’ biggest threat is not the devastation of a tornado, flood, or other natural disaster. Nor is it the tragedy of a horrific event such as the July 7th attack on the Dallas Police Department. Rather, it is the economic vulnerability of Dallas’ poor who struggle to provide for themselves and their families. Through research, analysis, and consultation with experts and residents, we have selected four Discovery Areas that will be examined in the Resilient Strategy.
Big Heart for Opportunity — Economic Equity
The ubiquitous concern among Dallas leaders is the quality of education available to Dallas school children and our ability to prepare young people for college and the 21st century economy. As the income disparity gap widens in conjunction with inadequate educational attainment, corporate leaders ask whether Dallas will be capable of supplying a future workforce to nourish the insatiable appetite of the robust North Central Texas economy.
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Today, many low-skill adults and disconnected youth lack the necessary training and skills to be successful in the traditional labor force. Dallas must build partnerships and support efforts to establish career pathways for these individuals so they can be positioned to take advantage of the growing demand for middle-skill jobs in expanding economic sectors like health-care and information technology. Through these partnerships, Dallas can harness the strength and momentum of the North Central Texas economy to create economic resilience for all Dallas residents.
Big Healing for a Strained Healthcare System — Healthy Communities
Healthcare is a $52 billion dollar a year industry that provides almost 600,000 jobs throughout the region, yet not all residents have access to this wealth of care. Dallas has one of the highest rates of uninsured in the country, almost double the national average. For the first time in history, poor children growing up in high-risk neighborhoods have lifespans predicted to be shorter than their parents. Advancements in tele-medicine and virtual care offer big promise to improve public health outcomes for Dallas residents. Dallas must pioneer partnerships to ensure all our residents will lead healthy, resilient lives.
Dallas has never allowed her destiny to be constrained by challenges.
social cohesiveness, and strengthen civic engagement. Resilient neighborhoods lift up families and build strong community leaders. Neighborhoods in the southern reaches of Dallas have experienced decades of disinvestment and decline. Children cannot safely play outside, schools do not adequately prepare students for careers, and business cannot germinate and thrive. These neighborhoods no longer seed opportunity; they have failed their residents. As Dallas prepares for the next bond program, we must rebuild these pockets of despair to become neighborhoods of enduring value and re-instill pride in our hometown.
Big Change for a Transportation
System that Moves —
Transportation Equity
Dallas was designed for the automobile and transportation infrastructure is the backbone of our city. However, 21st century urban mobility will be constructed on mobility access, not lane miles. A superior transportation system will be one that provides convenient, affordable access to all aspects of urban living – employment, education, health care, shopping and services, and recreation and entertainment. Today, many of Dallas’ poorest residents lack access to good jobs, good schools, healthy food, and basic services. Dallas should seize the opportunity of rapidly changing technology to improve transportation equity for all Dallas residents.
Big Home in Hometown Dallas — Thriving Neighborhoods
Dallas is a city of neighborhoods. Neighborhoods are the fertile gardens of rich social life. They nurture human bonds and encourage us to care about our neighbors. They inspire friendships, foster
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introduction
The 100 Resilient Cities Program
Dallas was selected as one of only 100 cities around the world to participate in the prestigious 100 Resilient Cities (100RC) program, pioneered by the Rockefeller Foundation. This innovative program is dedicated to helping cities around the world become resilient to the environmental, social, and economic challenges that are a growing part of the 21st century. Dallas has become a member in a global network of the world’s most distinguished cities to share information and develop best practices for cutting edge 21st century cities.
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resilient dallas
Dallas has begun the initial work on what resilience means for our city today and in the future. The following section presents some of the research, data, and findings that guided the develoment of Dallas’ four Discovery Areas – economy, healthcare, infrastructure, and mobility. The complete research reprint is provided in the supplement to this Prelimenary Resilience Assesment.
Resilient cities demonstrate seven qualities that allow them to withstand, respond to, and adapt more quickly to shocks and stresses.
1 Reflective: using past experiences to inform future decisions 2 Resourceful: recognizing alternative ways to use resources 3 Robust: well-conceived, constructed, and managed systems 4 Redundant: additional capacity purposely created to accommodate disruption 5 Flexible: willingness and ability to adopt alternative strategies in response to changing circumstances 6 Inclusive: prioritize broad consultation to create a sense of shared ownership in decision making 7 Integrated: bring together a range of distinct systems and institutions
BIG SOLUTIONS FOR BIG CHALLENGES
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the dallas resilience process
Overview of 100RC Strategy Process
The 100 Resilient Cities program has provided a well-documented and field-tested strategy guidance manual to shepherd cities through the process of creating a robust resilience strategy. This guidance manual details step-by-step processes and timeframes, introduces and explains new analytic tools, and provides templates, case studies, and practical examples that are transferable to cities all across the globe. Dallas has methodically adhered to these processes and utilized the analytic tools outlined in the Strategy Guidance Manual.
This Preliminary Resilience Assessment presents the completion of Phase One of the Strategy Development Process, and documents the data collection, analysis, review, and findings of this holistic scan of the city’s current state of resilience. This Preliminary Resilience Assesment serves as a summary of the work undertaken during Phase One.
Through desktop research, stakeholder interviews and workshops, and consultation with subject matter experts, the Dallas Office of Resilience has:
• Identified, and catalogued significant past, present, and future actions that contribute towards the sound functioning of Dallas services
• Assessed the condition and sensitivity of Dallas’ physical assets to multiple shocks and stresses • Discussed and analyzed how future demographic and economic scenarios could change this outlook
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The City Resilience Framework and the Resilience Lens
The City Resilience Framework (CRF) developed by the Rockefeller Foundation provides a framework and common vernacular to understand the array of interdependent dimensions of a city and the drivers that contribute to its resilience.
The CRF categorizes a city into its basic social, physical, and economic systems. These city building blocks are defined as the “essential dimensions” of urban resilience: Leadership and Strategy, Health and Well-being, Infrastructure and Environment, and Economy and Society. Each of these four essential dimensions are further broken down into subsets or “drivers.” This organizing framework is used as a basis for inquiry, analysis, and review to assess and understand the strengths and gaps within a city.
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Dallas Civic Leadership
Along with a wealth of economic, physical, and environmental resources, Dallas profits from an abundance of residents and businesses, professional and technical experts, philanthropic foundations and social service providers, as well as academic institutions, all of whom are committed to effectual civic involvement. The Dallas Resilience process relies heavily on extensive community participation and meaningful stakeholder engagement. Input was gathered through a variety of ways that acknowledge and respect the similarities as well as the notable differences inherent in Dallas’ economically and socially diverse population.
This resilience process integrates the insight and wisdom gained through many forms of participation, and uses that knowledge to understand trends and conditions identified by surveys, desktop research, and other analytic tools. It was also critical that “ground truth” obtained through interviews and listening sessions validate research findings and general assumptions. The comprehensive perspective gained through the resilience process is also used to identify gaps that would normally go unobserved by more traditional research methods. The extensive involvement by Dallasites served to strengthen knowledge-building for this process while also attaining genuine community support and trust building.
Leadership and Strategy
North Central Texas Council of Governments Communities Foundation of Texas Greater Dallas Planning Council American Planning Association American Institute of Architects North Texas Commission Dallas Youth Commission Dallas Innovation Alliance Dallas Citizens Council Dallas Women’s Foundation Downtown Dallas Incorporated Mayor’s Taskforce on Homelessness Mayor’s Taskforce on Poverty
Economy and Society
Dallas Federal Reserve Bank Greater Dallas Regional Chamber Oak Cliff Chamber Paul Quinn College Mayor’s LGBT Task Force Revitalize South Dallas Coalition SMU Hunt Institute SMU New Cities Institute SMU Embrey Human Rights Society of American Military Engineers South Fair CDC Harvard Government Performance Lab Dallas County Community College University of North Texas University of Texas at Arlington University of Texas at Austin Toyota Mobility Foundation LH Holdings, Inc.
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Health and Wellbeing
Habitat for Humanity Commit Dallas CitySquare PCCI Children’s Health and Wellness Alliance Dallas County Dallas Faces Race Friendship West Baptist Church North Texas Food Bank Neighbor Up The Senior Source UT Southwestern Medical District Dallas Housing Authority North Texas Fair Housing
Infrastructure and Environment
Oncor Electric Atmos Energy AT&T Dallas Area Rapid Transit Regional Transportation Council Regional Emergency Managers Texas Nature Conservancy Earth Day Dallas Trust for Public Lands Oak Cliff Conservation League Texas Trees Trinity Trust Foundation Texas Department of Transportation U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Green Building Council Texas
more than 80 stakeholder interviews
agenda setting workshop
100+ participants from 80+ organizations
over 10 city department interviews
2 city department workshops
over 130 resilient actions catalogued
perceptions inventory
city context
20+ Department Directors asset inventory
What has the city done?
How is the city viewed?
State of the city
What does the city have?
Transportation?
draft discovery areas
Education?
Disease Outbreak?
Housing Patterns?
Climate Change?
Energy Security?
Governance and Leadership?
Public Health?
Economic Development?
Fiscal Policy?
Regionalism?
2 key stakeholder input meetings 3 quality of life committee reports 12 reviews by city staff leadership
inclusive economies
healthy communities
thriving neighborhoods
transportation equity
final discovery areas to be evaluated during phase two
In October of 2015, the City of Dallas and 100RC hosted an Agenda-Setting Workshop for over 100 participants representing more than 80 organizations. These engaged stakeholders worked through several key exercises and dynamic discussions that defined an early set of priorities and resilience issues setting the stage for the work to be completed in Phase I.
To further investigate and validate the results of the Agenda-Setting Workshop, staff undertook an intensive data collection effort combined with qualitative insight collected from stakeholder interviews with the public, non-profits, private enterprises, and government agencies. Data collected included a list of over 130 “resilient actions” already occurring within the city, an asset inventory, and broad background research on city government. Additionally, staff conducted a resilience perception exercise to identify the similarities and differences between citizen perception and city initiatives.
A deep examination of the data and insights revealed a series of trends that intersected multiple quadrants of the City Resilience Framework, helping formulate the early iterations of the Dallas Discovery Areas. Those early iterations were taken back to the public for vetting and further refinement in several stakeholder workshops. The synthesizing all of the data points and stakeholder input resulted in four distinct Discovery Areas for Dallas: Inclusive Economies, Healthy Communities, Thriving Neighborhoods, and Transportation Equity. The Office of Resilience briefed the City’s executive staff and Quality of Life committee multiple times at all key decision points throughout this year-long process.
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